Figure 2

The filaria in the vector. (A) Breinlia (B.) booliati Singh & Ho, 1973, a parasite of Rattus in Malaysia: microfilaria in several contiguous digestive cells of a mosquito, two hours after the blood meal (original). (B) Acanthocheilonema viteae: microfilaria coiled up in a muscular fibre, a few hours after the blood meal of the tick on the infected rodent (in 24). (C) Setaria labiatopapillosa from cattle, organogenesis of the first larval stage: on left, a 30 hours p.i. larva: the two R1 daughter cells are placed ventrally to the digestive primordia, itself composed by the 5 intestinal cells (3 on the right side, 2 on the left side), the 3 rectal cells and, anterior, the oesophagus; the 4 genital cells are just anterior to R1 cell; on right, a 72 hours p.i. larva: the 8 daughter cells of R1 arranged into 4 longitudinal submedian files (only two files are seen in this ventral view); the anal plug and the 3 rectal glands, R2, R3, R4, are transformed into an organ of absorption (in 70). (D) Monanema martini Bain, Petit & Bartlett, 1986, a parasite of an African murid: first stage larva in the hypodermis of a tick; with nuclei of the neoformed syncytium grouped (white star) close the bent larval back (in 71). (E) Acanthocheilonema viteae: migration of infective larvae towards the rostrum (below) 5 mn after the tick was attached to the rodent skin (transversal section of a tick: in the middle, the chelicers; below the basis of the rostrum and the Y shaped pharynx) (in 24). (F) Brugia timori: anterior region of a female larva with genital primordium at level of the glandular oesophagus (in 72). (G) Tails of infective larvae: on left, Loa loa with well developed lappets; on right, O. volvulus with reduced lappets; in middle, Mansonella (Esslingeria) streptocerca with 4 lappets, the median being divided (in 30).